What is the name of a sampling method that gives every person in the population an equal chance of being selected?

A sampling method that gives every person in the population an equal chance of being selected is known as a random sample. This technique is fundamental in research because it helps to eliminate bias from the selection process, thereby ensuring that the sample represents the population accurately.

In a random sample, every individual has a specific probability of being chosen, which means that the sample should reflect the diversity of the population, leading to more reliable and generalizable results. This approach is particularly useful in statistics to ensure that findings can be extrapolated to the larger group.

Other methods, such as systematic sampling, involve selecting samples based on a specific interval, which does not guarantee equal chances for all individuals. Convenience sampling focuses on selecting individuals who are easiest to reach, which can introduce bias, as it may not represent the entire population. Purposive sampling targets specific groups or characteristics, again limiting the equal opportunity for selection among all members of the population.